VOWELS and SUBSTITUTIONS: ee -- 'seed' îh -- 'hit' êh -- 'egg' â -- 'cat' ä -- 'car' ('aussie') ah -- 'haur' ('posh - English') 'aûgh' -- 'got' or -- 'awful' / 'ball' oh -- 'posh' ('English') (cardinal) ô -- 'cook' ö -- 'true' DIPTHONGS: 'out' = ah & oo 'ace' = ar & ih 'hour ' = ah & oo & x 'asked' = 'arskt' 'love = ûh The X vowel!!!! - The 'Neutral' Vowel) x = neutral' vowel as in: 'focus' or 'label' It can substitute for all other vowels. We don't have a letter for it, hence it is written as 'X' To sing the neutral vowel, you sing: 'ir' as in - 'fur' SEMI- VOWELS: ÿ = ee & x sing 'ee-oo' w = ö (oo) & x sing: oo-ur (as in 'fur')